Total shaft height Hs
Note: dimensions concern the finished stop floors.
Lift with a lateral piston
1:1 (with technology GMV SWEDEN ABTM 1:1)
RMEPL® Goods-passenger lifts
with 4 pistons type EC
1:2 (with indirect roped drive)
Goods-passenger lifts with 2 pistons
(solution not recommended by RMEPL )
The hydraulic lift’s machine room is not adjacent to the shaft and can be located in a distance from zero to several or even a dozen of meters from the shaft. Most frequently it is a free standing cabinet (so called machinery cabinet) or a separate room (a traditional machine room). There also exist hydraulic lifts without a machine room with a drive situated in the pit.
Traction lifts : the lift drive unit that is composed of an electric motor and a friction wheel coupled with it, drives the ropes connected with the lift car frame and a counterweight. There is distinguished a direct drive of 1:1 and an indirect one of 2:1 and 4:1 used in traction goods-passenger lifts.
1:1
2:1
4:1
Traction goods-passenger lift with 4:1 drive (solution not recommended by RMEPL ) |
Traction lifts występują w dwóch podstawowych odmianach: z górną maszynownią (pomieszczenie bezpośrednio nad stropem szybu) i bez maszynowni (zespół napędowy mieści się w szybie).
Central door – during opening / closing, the panels move in opposite directions.
Telescopic door – during opening / closing, the panels move in the same direction.
Telescopic door right – during opening the panels move to the right side
Telescopic door left – during opening the panels move to the left side
Swing doors – operated manually and are no longer used in newly designed lifts.
The cabin is a moving unit of a lift, which is loaded by persons or goods. The most unfavorable situations occurs at a time when on the sill of empty cabin appears a force Fs. The design of key structure elements should be strong enough to withstand forces and torques (Ts). Standards EN 81-1 and EN 81-2 recommend the use for the calculations the following values depending on the capacity Q:
Lifts with a load of less than 2500 kg (passenger, hospital… etc.)
Fs = 0,4 • Q For example: the minimum force on cabin’s sill for a passenger lift Q = 1000 kg equals to Fs = 400 kG. |
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Lifts with a load of equal or greater than 2500 kg (e.g. goods-passenger ones suitable for loading by pallet trucks)
Fs = 0,6 • Q |
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Vehicle lifts
Fs = 0,6 • Q (by GMV) |
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Lifts with a load of equal or greater than 2500 kg (goods-passenger ones suitable for loading by fork-lifts)
Fs = 0,85 • Q For example, a goods-passenger lift of load Q = 4000 kg suitable for loading by fork-lifts should be characterized by the force on the cabin’s sill not lower than 3400 KG. |
Note: despite above requirements included in the lift standard, many manufacturers are not able to provide lifts with the right force values on the cabin’s sill. One should pay particular attention to it at the stage of selecting the right solution.
Feature/function | Hydraulic lifts | MRL-type traction (with power unit in the shaft) |
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Shaft | The shaft is material-saving with minimum one reinforced concrete wall. Main forces are concentrated on the pit bottom. The shaft dilatation is not required even in apartment buildings. Small dimensions in relation to the car. | The shaft is massive, material-consuming, holds (the upper engine room in case of traditional lifts), a drive unit, a counterweight and a car. In case of neighbourhood of apartments, the shaft dilatation is recommended. Big dimensions in relation to the car. |
Construction | Simple. Small number of parts – including rotating parts. No counterweight. Low lift weight: 40-60% lower than lifts without engine rooms. | Complicated construction. Many parts – including rotating parts: delivery wheels, bearings. Big length of repeatedly bent carrying ropes. The lift high weight in relation to the load. |
Purchase cost | Lower by approx. 20-30% for a 2-5 stops lift. | Relatively high for lower travel heights. |
Installation / operation | Exceptionally quick, safe, uncomplicated and cheap installation. Efficient repair and replacement of components. | Complicated installation requiring highly qualified personnel. It is usually 2 times longer than in case of hydraulic lifts. Complicated repair and replacement of main units and ropes. |
Operating costs | Low maintenance and spare part costs. | High maintenance costs and very high costs of spare parts. |
Speed | Usually 0,63 m/s. | High, usually 1 m/s and higher. |
Lift durability | Long life, approx. 2 times longer. | Long life, approx. 2 times longer. |
Connection of power | Approx. 2 times higher. | Several kilowatts. |
Electric energy consumption | Comparable or lower. A hydraulic lift goes down with switched off main engine. During the lift stop the energy is consumed by the car main lighting. | High energy is needed to move the counterweight in case of the car unbalancing (empty or fully loaded). During the lift stop the energy is consumed by a frequency converter (so called inverter) and the car lighting. |
Reaction to power failure | Load < 2.000 kg
Travel to the lowest stop by gravity and door opening. A low-capacity battery required e.g. 7Ah. Battery which supports the voltage in the electronic control unit is fully sufficient.
Load 2.000 – 12.500 kg Travel to the lowest stop by gravity is supported by the 7Ah battery. To open large and heavy doors an UPS of 600 – 1000 VA is sufficient.
Easy release of passengers in case of the emergency power system failure. |
Load < 2.500 kg
Travel to the nearest stop. Required a UPS device of 1000 – 3000 VA power. Monthly checking of voltage level highly recommended.
Load 3.000 – 5.000 kg Required a battery power station or a motor power generator to move cabin and open door.
Complicated, difficult and time-consuming release of passengers in case of the emergency power system failure. |
Safety | High. No massive units above the car. The machine room is usually separated, far from the lift working units. |
Medium. Higher risk for personnel during installation, repairs and maintenance. Ground tectonic motions or earthquakes can cause the construction fall down due to the massive elements located in the head room (traction machine or counterweight). Such cases are reported in the seismic areas. A specially protected lift construction is required. |
Noise emission | The shaft does not usually contain drive units. Noise is emitted in a closed engine room far from the rooms in which people stay. | The power unit and control unit situated in the shaft makes the noise emission going easier through the building. It can be particularly bothersome in apartment buildings because not all drive units are silent. |
Ecology | Environment friendly. Exceptionally material-saving shafs and the lift low weight as well as small number of parts – means lower energy needed for production. Hydraulic fluid undergoes 100% recycling after 5-10 years of operation. | The massive shafs and units: a massive traction machine and counterweight, long ropes, many parts – means higher energy needed for production. In drives are frequently used so called permanent magnets that require much energy during raw material exploration and in the production process what has a very negative environmental influence. |
Hydraulic lift with typically located power unit.
MRL-traction lift without machine room and power unit located inside the shaft.